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Staff
or Stave - a framework of five lines on which musical notation is
written such that the higher the note-sign on the staff the higher its pitch.
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The main elements of a musical score.
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Common time - equivalent to a time signature of 4/4, namely four crotchets (quarter notes) to a bar (measure).
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Alla Breve - also called 'cut time'; marked with a large C with a vertical line
through it, used for quick duple time in which the minim or half note
is given one beat instead of two.
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Score - notation of a line of music including all the parts and voices
involved, presented in a group of two or more staves which are joined
together on the left hand side by a vertical bar and a brace.
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Notes |
Value |
American Name |
English Name |
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1/2 |
Double Whole Note |
Breve |
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1 |
Whole Note |
Semi-Breve |
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2 |
Half |
Minim |
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4 |
Quarter |
Crotchet |
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8 |
Eighth |
Quaver |
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16 |
Sixteenth |
Semiquaver |
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32 |
Thirty-second |
Demisemiquaver |
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64 |
Sixty-fourth |
Hemidemisemiquaver |
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128 |
One-Twenty-Eighth |
Semihemidemisemiquaver |
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Rests |
Value |
American Name |
English Name |
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1/2 |
Double Whole Rest |
Breve |
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1 |
Whole |
Semi-Breve |
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2 |
Half |
Minim |
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4 |
Quarter |
Crotchet |
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8 |
Eighth |
Quaver |
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16 |
Sixteenth |
Semiquaver |
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32 |
Thirty-second |
Demisemiquaver |
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64 |
Sixty-fourth |
Hemidemisemiquaver |
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128 |
One-Twenty-Eighth |
Semihemidemisemiquaver |
Multi-rest
or multiple measure rest: where a number of bars contain only rests, in
instrumental parts (and sometimes in scores), the bars are 'collected'
together and shown as a single bar contain a rest together with the
number of consecutive bars given by a large number placed centrally
above the staff over the single bar.
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Accidentals |
Name |
Meaning |
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Double Sharp |
Raises a note by 2 semi-tones or 1 whole tone. |
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Sharp |
Raises a note by 1 semi-tone or a 1/2 tone. |
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Natural |
Cancels a previous sharp or flat including those in a key signature. |
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Flat |
Lowers a note by 1 semi-tone or a 1/2 tone. |
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Double Flat |
Lowers a note by 2 semi-tones or 1 whole tone. |
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Tie - also called a 'bind', a sign that indicates that the note being played
or sung is sustained, unbroken, through the total time value of the notes under the tie.
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Slur - a mark used to show where a group of notes are played either under a
single bow stroke, or on a wind instrument without retonguing or when
singing, in one breath, so that the notes move smoothly one to the
other with no perceptible break.
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Play notes under this sign one octave higher than written. |
Play notes under this sign one octave lower than written |
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